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1.
Online braz. j. nurs. (Online) ; 20: e20216506, 05 maio 2021. graf, tab
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1290898

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: avaliar os fatores associados aos óbitos e ataques de tubarão no Brasil. MÉTODO: trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado mediante acesso virtual ao website do Global Shark Attack File. A análise foi realizada no programa R, a partir de estatística descritiva e dos testes de Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Teste Exato de Fisher. RESULTADOS: ocorreram 86 ataques, dos quais 26 (30,2%) resultaram em óbito. Foi encontrada associação entre a ocorrência de ataque com o ano, estado, região, dia da semana, turno e espécie do tubarão, além da faixa etária, sexo da vítima e local do corpo acometido. Nenhuma variável apresentou associação com o óbito. O estado de Pernambuco computou o maior número de ataques (83,7%) e óbitos (96,2%). CONCLUSÃO: os ataques de tubarão estiveram associados com nove variáveis: três de caracterização da vítima e seis do perfil do acidente. Os óbitos não apresentaram associação significativa. Pernambuco sobressaiu como estado com maior ocorrência de ataque e óbitos.


OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the factors associated with shark attacks and deaths in Brazil. METHOD: this is a cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out through virtual access to the Global Shark Attack File website. The analysis was performed in the R program, using descriptive statistics and the Pearson's chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: there were 86 attacks, of which 26 (30.2%) resulted in deaths. An association was found between occurrence of the attacks and year, state, region, day of the week, shift and shark species, in addition to the victim's age group and gender and to the part of the body affected. No variable was associated with death as outcome. The state of Pernambuco accounted for the largest number of attacks (83.7%) and deaths (96.2%). CONCLUSION: shark attacks were associated with nine variables: three related to the victim's characterization and six to the profile of the accident. The deaths did not present a significant association. Pernambuco stood out as the state with the highest occurrence of attacks and deaths.


OBJETIVO: evaluar los factores asociados con las muertes y los ataques de tiburones en Brasil. MÉTODO: se trata de un estudio transversal, cuantitativo, realizado a través del acceso virtual al sitio web Global Shark Attack File. El análisis se realizó mediante el programa R, utilizando estadística descriptiva y chi-cuadrado de Pearson y prueba exacta de Fisher. RESULTADOS: hubo 86 ataques, de los cuales 26 (30,2%) resultaron en muerte. Se encontró que hay asociación entre el ataque y el año, estado, región, día de la semana, turno y especie de tiburón, además del rango etario, sexo de la víctima y parte del cuerpo afectada. Ninguna variable se asoció con la muerte. El estado de Pernambuco tuvo el mayor número de ataques (83,7%) y muertes (96,2%). CONCLUSIÓN: los ataques de tiburones se asociaron con nueve variables: tres de la caracterización de la víctima y seis del perfil del accidente. Las muertes no mostraron una asociación significativa. Pernambuco se destacó como el estado con mayor número de ataques y muertes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Sharks , Death , Bites and Stings/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors
2.
Med. infant ; 25(1): 38-45, marzo 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-883660

ABSTRACT

Son ampliamente conocidos por los pediatras los procedimientos a seguir ante las heridas inflingidas a un niño por perros, gatos o por otros seres humanos. En esta actualización se detallan los microorganismos causales de infecciones posteriores a mordeduras, enfatizando aquellos vinculados a agresiones de otros animales. En casos de mordeduras por animales de granja, salvajes (en especial reptiles) y acuáticos es necesario considerar la inclusión, en el esquema profiláctico empírico inicial, antibióticos activos frente a enterobacterias, Aeromonas, Vibrio y Pseudomonas. En el caso de mordeduras de monos se debe tener en cuenta la posibilidad de infecciones virales potencialmente fatales, en las provocadas por roedores, la esporotricosis y en las producidas por animales acuáticos, las micobacterias atípicas como Mycobacterium marinum o Mycobacterium haemophilum, dado que desarrollan en medios para micobacterias pero a 30ºC (AU)


The adequate procedures to follow in children with bite wounds inflicted by dogs, cats, or by other human beings are well known by pediatricians. This update describes microorganisms that may cause infections in bite wounds, with a focus on those caused by other animals. In bite injuries caused by farm, wild (especially reptiles), and aquatic animals, antibiotics effective against Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas, Vibrio, and Pseudomonas should be included in the initial empirical prophylactic treatment scheme. In case of bite injuries caused by monkeys, the possibility of potentially fatal viral infections should be taken into account, in the case of bites by rodents the possibility of sporotricosis should be considered, and in bite wounds inflicted by aquatic animals atypical mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium marinum or Mycobacterium haemophilum, should be taken into account as they develop in an environment for mycobacteria, but at 30ºC (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bites and Stings/epidemiology , Bites and Stings/microbiology , Bites and Stings/mortality , Bites, Human
3.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 84(6): 509-515, nov.-dez. 2008. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-502274

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Descrever e avaliar os acidentes escorpiônicos notificados no estado de Minas Gerais, em crianças e adolescentes, no período de 2001 a 2005, e calcular incidência e mortalidade e identificar fatores relacionados à evolução para óbito. MÉTODOS: Estudo de 14.406 fichas de notificação obrigatória do escorpionismo em Minas Gerais, de pacientes de 0 a 19 anos. Após análise univariada, com fatores relacionados a mortalidade (p < 0,25), foi realizada regressão logística para análise multivariada. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento das notificações dos acidentes escorpiônicos ao longo dos anos. A faixa etária em que mais ocorreu acidente foi de 5 a 9 anos. Dor local esteve presente em 95 por cento dos casos. A maioria dos casos foi classificada como leve (60 por cento), com utilização do soro em 42 por cento dessa população. A letalidade média foi de 0,7 por cento. O município de maior ocorrência do acidente foi a capital Belo Horizonte. O atraso de cada 1 hora até o primeiro atendimento representou aumento de 9 por cento na razão de chance de evolução para óbito, que foi 46 vezes maior no grupo grave do que nos grupos moderado e leve. Para cada ano a menos na idade do paciente houve um aumento de 13 por cento na razão de chance de evolução para óbito. CONCLUSÕES: Houve aumento do número de notificações ao longo dos anos estudados. Foram identificados como fatores com maior razão de chance de evoluir para óbito: atraso para o primeiro atendimento, ser classificado como grave e menor idade.


OBJECTIVES: To describe and evaluate notified scorpion envenomation incidents in children and adolescents in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais between 2001 and 2005, and to calculate the incidence and mortality and identify factors related to fatal outcomes. METHODS: Analysis of 14,406 mandatory notifications of scorpion envenomation involving patients aged 0 to 19 years in Minas Gerais. After performing a univariate analysis of factors related to mortality (p < 0.25), multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression. RESULTS: The number of notifications of accidents involving scorpions increased over the period. The age group that suffered most accidents was 5 to 9 years. Local pain was reported in 95 percent of cases. The majority of cases were classified as mild (60 percent) and antivenom was given to 42 percent of this population. The mean mortality rate was 0.7 percent. The state capital, Belo Horizonte, was the municipality with the greatest occurrence of incidents. Each hour's delay before receiving first medical care was associated with a 9 percent increase in the odds ratio for the likelihood of death, which was 46 times greater in the severe group than in the moderate and mild groups. A decrease of 1 year in patient age was associated with a 13 percent increase in the odds ratio for the likelihood of death. CONCLUSIONS: There was an increase in the number of notifications over the period studied. The following factors were identified as linked with a higher odds ratio for the likelihood of death: delayed first medical care, being classified as a severe case, and younger age of victim.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Young Adult , Bites and Stings/mortality , Scorpions , Scorpion Venoms/poisoning , Age Factors , Bites and Stings/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Delivery of Health Care , Epidemiologic Methods , Pain/etiology , Time Factors , Young Adult
4.
Pediatria (Säo Paulo) ; 29(2): 109-116, 2007. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-471431

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: o estudo objetivou estudar a incidência de casos de mordeduras caninas em menores de 15 anos, residentes em Londrina (Paraná), atendidos nos hospitais gerais do município (serviços de emergência e internação), ocorridos em 2001...


Objective: the aim of this paper was to study the incidence of dog bites among children aged less than 15 also lived in Londrina (Paraná State) and were attended in the general hospitals of the municipality (emergency and hospitalization services) in 2001...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Dogs , Bites and Stings/epidemiology , Wounds and Injuries , Accidents, Home , Cross-Sectional Studies , Morbidity , Bites and Stings/mortality , Retrospective Studies
5.
Sudan Medical Monitor. 2007; 2 (1): 37-38
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-85336

ABSTRACT

A 29 years old women parar 3 in her 32 weeks gestational age died a few hours after she had been stung by a scorpion. She presented with pulmonary oedema that probably associated with the sympathetic storm induced by scorpion envenomation. This might have contributed to respiratory failure and death


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Spider Bites , Maternal Mortality , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications , Pulmonary Edema , Bites and Stings/mortality
6.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 142(3): 209-213, mayo-jun. 2006. graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-569683

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir la tendencia de mortalidad tanto a nivel nacional como estatal causada por la mordedura de víbora y de lagarto venenoso en México, durante los años 1979 a 2003. Material y métodos: Se describe la tendencia de la mortalidad estandarizada por mordedura de víbora y lagarto venenosos registrada en México durante el periodo 1979-2003, en todo el país y en cada uno de los estados de la federación. Las defunciones se obtuvieron de las bases de datos de mortalidad del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI). Se determinaron frecuencias, porcentajes, tasas crudas, tasas estandarizadas de mortalidad y riesgos relativos de mortalidad con intervalos de confianza a 95%. Resultados: La tendencia de la mortalidad por mordedura de víbora y lagarto venenosos muestra un descenso significativo de 63.5%. La mayor mortalidad por mordedura de víbora y lagarto venenosos se presenta en el sureste del país. Los estados con la mayor mortalidad en el trienio 2001-2003 fueron: Quintana Roo (7.47/1’000,000 de habitantes), Oaxaca (4.01/1’000,000), Veracruz (1.56/1’000,000), Chiapas (1.48/1’000,000), Campeche (1.43/1’000,000) y Yucatán (1.29/1’000,000). Los grupos con mayor riesgo fueron los mayores de 60 años y los del sexo masculino. Conclusiones: Resulta conveniente brindar en México servicios de atención antiviperina médica de emergencia, para evitar la mortalidad causada por contacto traumático con estos reptiles, a pesar de la disminución en los decesos.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the trend of standardized mortality by contact with poisonous snakes and lizards in Mexico from 1979 to 2003. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We describe the standardized mortality trend by contact with poisonous snakes and lizards occurring in Mexico from 1979 to 2003, and report the mortality data bases from the INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática). We determined frequencies, percentages, mortality rates, standardized mortality rates and mortality relative risks with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: The general trend shows a statistically significant descent of 63.8%. The highest mortality rate within the 2000-2003 period was reported in Quintana Roo (7.47/1,000,000), Oaxaca (4.01/1,000,000), Veracruz (1.56/1,000,000), Chiapas (1.48/1,000,000), Campeche (1.43/1,000,000) and Yucatan (1.29/1,000,000). The groups with the highest risk are those older than 60 years and males. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the detected decrease in mortality, the contact with poisonous snakes and lizards still is a public health problem in Mexico. As timely treatment saves lives, it is necessary to include and offer treatment in all emergency units of the country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Lizards , Snake Bites/mortality , Bites and Stings/mortality , Mexico/epidemiology
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